This report was published by Childminding Monitoring, Advisory and Support (CMAS) Canada, a leading organization in supporting immigrant and refugee children in Canada for over 15 years. The aim of this report was to identify core settlement needs of young children (preschool and kindergarten) who are newcomers. Based on a review of international research on newcomer children, the following themes were identified to be critical factors in supporting the successful settlement of newcomer children: home language maintenance, second language acquisition, understanding experiences of loss, development of social networks, impact of changes due to migration, and the overall wellbeing of newcomer children. The report describes children’s needs within each of these themes, and offers ideas on how to support them.